亵渎圣灵的罪是什么？
What is blasphemy against the Holy Spirit?
简答 Short Answer
亵渎圣灵是指明知耶稣的工作出于圣灵，却故意、持续地将其归于魔鬼，最终彻底拒绝福音。这是不可赦免的罪，因为拒绝者关闭了唯一的赦罪之门。
Blasphemy against the Spirit is knowingly, persistently attributing the Spirit's work through Jesus to Satan, ultimately rejecting the gospel entirely. It's unforgivable because the one who rejects closes the only door to forgiveness.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
这是圣经中最令人恐惧的警告之一，也是最容易被误解的。
1.【背景】耶稣说这话是在法利赛人亲眼看见祂靠圣灵赶鬼，却故意说祂是靠鬼王赶鬼之后（太12:22-32）。他们不是出于无知，而是在铁证面前故意歪曲真理。
2.【这罪的本质】亵渎圣灵不是一时的口误或怀疑，而是一种持续的、故意的态度——在完全看到真理的情况下，顽固地将圣灵的工作归于撒但，从而彻底、最终地拒绝基督的救恩。
3.【为什么不可赦免？】不是因为上帝的恩典不够大，而是因为这种罪关闭了赦免的唯一通道。圣灵的工作是引人悔改归向基督，如果一个人彻底拒绝圣灵的见证，就再没有其他得救的途径了。
4.【重要的安慰】如果你担心自己犯了这个罪，这本身就是证据说明你没有犯。因为犯了这罪的人心已完全刚硬，不会有任何悔意或担忧。你的担忧恰恰说明圣灵仍在你心中工作。任何愿意来到基督面前的人，都必不被拒绝（约6:37）。
This is one of Scripture's most feared warnings and most easily misunderstood passages.
1. **Context**: Jesus spoke these words after the Pharisees witnessed Him casting out demons by the Spirit, yet deliberately claimed He did so by Satan's power (Matt 12:22-32). This wasn't ignorance but willful distortion of truth in the face of undeniable evidence.
2. **Nature of this sin**: Blasphemy against the Spirit isn't a momentary slip or doubt, but a persistent, deliberate attitude — stubbornly attributing the Spirit's work to Satan despite full knowledge of the truth, thereby finally and completely rejecting Christ's salvation.
3. **Why unforgivable?** Not because God's grace is insufficient, but because this sin closes the only channel of forgiveness. The Spirit's work is to bring people to repentance and faith in Christ; if someone utterly rejects the Spirit's testimony, no other path to salvation remains.
4. **Important comfort**: If you're worried you've committed this sin, that very concern is evidence you haven't. Those who commit it are completely hardened, with no remorse or concern whatsoever. Your worry proves the Spirit is still at work in you. Anyone willing to come to Christ will never be turned away (John 6:37).
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •The Unpardonable Sin (R.C. Sproul)
- •Assurance of Salvation (John Calvin, Institutes III.2)