圣餐的意义是什么？
What is the meaning of the Lord's Supper?
简答 Short Answer
圣餐是基督设立的圣礼，用饼和杯纪念基督的身体被擘开、宝血被流出。它让信徒记念十字架的恩典、与基督相交、与教会合一，并盼望基督再来。
The Lord's Supper is a sacrament Christ instituted, using bread and cup to remember His body broken and blood shed. It helps believers remember the cross, commune with Christ, express church unity, and anticipate His return.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
圣餐（也称主的晚餐、擘饼、感恩祭）是主耶稣在被出卖的前夜亲自设立的。
1.【圣餐的设立】在最后的晚餐上，耶稣拿起饼来说「这是我的身体，为你们舍的」，又拿起杯来说「这杯是用我血所立的新约」（路22:19-20）。祂吩咐门徒「你们也应当如此行，为的是记念我。」
2.【圣餐的意义】 - 纪念：提醒我们基督在十字架上付出的代价。在忙碌的生活中，圣餐帮助我们定期回到信仰的核心。 - 与基督相交：保罗说「我们所祝福的杯，岂不是同领基督的血吗？我们所擘开的饼，岂不是同领基督的身体吗？」（林前10:16）圣餐不仅是回忆过去，更是与现在活着的基督相交。 - 教会的合一：「我们虽多，仍是一个饼、一个身体，因为我们都是分受这一个饼」（林前10:17）。 - 盼望基督再来：「你们每逢吃这饼、喝这杯，是表明主的死，直等到祂来」（林前11:26）。
3.【不同传统的理解】 - 天主教的变质说：饼和酒变成了基督实际的身体和血 - 路德宗的同质说：基督的身体和血与饼和酒同在 - 改革宗的属灵同在说：基督借着圣灵在圣餐中真实同在，信徒借信心领受属灵的益处 - 纪念说：圣餐纯粹是象征性的纪念
4.【当敬畏地领受】保罗警告不可轻慢地领受圣餐（林前11:27-29），应当先省察自己。这不是说要完美才能领，而是要带着敬畏和悔改的心来。
The Lord's Supper (also called Communion, the Eucharist, the Breaking of Bread) was instituted by Jesus on the night He was betrayed.
1. **Institution**: At the Last Supper, Jesus took bread saying, 'This is my body, which is given for you,' and the cup saying, 'This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood' (Luke 22:19-20). He commanded, 'Do this in remembrance of me.'
2. **Meaning**: - Remembrance: Reminding us of Christ's cost on the cross. Amid busy lives, Communion regularly returns us to faith's center. - Communion with Christ: Paul says, 'The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?' (1 Cor 10:16). It's not merely recalling the past but communing with the living Christ. - Church unity: 'Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread' (1 Cor 10:17). - Anticipating Christ's return: 'As often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes' (1 Cor 11:26).
3. **Different traditions**: - Catholic transubstantiation: bread and wine become Christ's actual body and blood - Lutheran consubstantiation: Christ's body and blood are present with the bread and wine - Reformed spiritual presence: Christ is truly present through the Spirit; believers receive spiritual benefits by faith - Memorial view: purely symbolic remembrance
4. **Receive with reverence**: Paul warns against partaking in an unworthy manner (1 Cor 11:27-29), urging self-examination first. This doesn't mean perfection is required, but a heart of reverence and repentance.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •Given for You: Reclaiming Calvin's Doctrine of the Lord's Supper (Keith Mathison)
- •The Lord's Supper (Thomas Watson)