圣父、圣子、圣灵有什么分别？不是一位神吗？
What's the difference between the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit? Aren't they one God?
简答 Short Answer
是的，只有一位神，但这位神永恒地存在于三个位格中——圣父、圣子、圣灵。三个位格同等、同荣、同质，但各有不同的角色。
Yes, there is only one God, but this one God eternally exists in three persons — Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The three persons are co-equal, co-eternal, and of one substance, but each has a distinct role.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
三位一体是基督教最核心也最奥秘的教义。它不是人发明的理论，而是神在圣经中对自己的启示。
**基本定义：** - 神只有一位（申命记6:4） - 父是神、子是神、圣灵是神 - 父不是子、子不是圣灵、圣灵不是父 - 三个位格共享同一个神性本质
**各位格的独特角色：**
1. **圣父**：救赎计划的设计者和差遣者。祂拣选了我们，差遣了圣子。 2. **圣子（耶稣基督）**：救赎的执行者。祂道成肉身，在十字架上完成救赎。 3. **圣灵**：救赎的施行者。祂使我们重生、赐我们信心、住在信徒心中引导和塑造我们。
**常见的误解需要避免：** - 不是一位神戴三个面具（形态论异端） - 不是三位神（三神论） - 不是父最大、子次之、圣灵最小（等级论）
这个教义超越人类理性的完全理解，但不违反理性。正如一个二维生物无法完全理解三维空间，有限的人不能完全参透无限的神，但神已经启示了足够让我们认识和敬拜祂的真理。
The Trinity is Christianity's most central and mysterious doctrine. It's not a human invention but God's self-revelation in Scripture.
**Basic definition:** - There is only one God (Deuteronomy 6:4) - The Father is God, the Son is God, the Holy Spirit is God - The Father is not the Son, the Son is not the Spirit, the Spirit is not the Father - The three persons share one divine essence
**Distinct roles of each person:**
1. **The Father**: Designer and sender of the plan of redemption. He chose us and sent the Son. 2. **The Son (Jesus Christ)**: Executor of redemption. He became incarnate and accomplished salvation on the cross. 3. **The Holy Spirit**: Applier of redemption. He regenerates us, grants us faith, and dwells in believers to guide and transform us.
**Common misunderstandings to avoid:** - Not one God wearing three masks (modalism heresy) - Not three Gods (tritheism) - Not Father as greatest, Son as lesser, Spirit as least (subordinationism)
This doctrine surpasses full human comprehension but doesn't contradict reason. Just as a two-dimensional being can't fully grasp three-dimensional space, finite beings cannot fully fathom the infinite God — but God has revealed enough truth for us to know and worship Him.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •Delighting in the Trinity (Michael Reeves)
- •The Forgotten Trinity (James White)